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| 300
before Christ, the Massaliots were taking victory upon the
Barbarians and were founding NIKAIA - which means "victorious"
-, a commercial counter by the sea front, on the slopes of
the castle. 154 before Christ , the Romans built a second
city, CEMENELUM, next to NIKAIA, on the hills of Cimiez. The
ruins of the thermae and the arenas revealed that the city
was 15000 to 20000 inhabitants big. The Roman mark on the
local history may be pictured by the many remaining works,
such as : - the via Julia Augusta, which was linking Nice
and Vintimille through the Turbie, or the trophy of Augustus,
symbol of the submission of the alpine people, and thus stressing
a first step towards the opening up of the alpine valleys.
- the division of the Alpes Maritimes, instituted by Augustus
was the first administrative organisation of the region. Then,
in the fifth century, CEMENELUM was abandoned for NIKAĎA.
The Saracens devastated the city in 813, and extended their
rule on all Western Provence, called the Moorish Coast. The
count of Provence, Guillaume, drove them away in 974. An era
of profound mutations opened up for Nice, in which the fests
and traditions of Nice all have their roots. In 1176, a charter
has been granted to Nice. The lower town became an active
commerce centre. In 1382, on the death of Queen Jeanne, Nice
integrated the county of Savoy and became a true fortress,
the centre piece of the defence plans of the Counts of Savoy
against the French and their allies. In 1543, the Turkish
fleet is repelled, thanks to the courage of the people of
Nice, embodied by Catherine SEGURANE. The department of the
Alpes Maritimes was created in 1793. (Thanks Municipality
of Nice ) |
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